# Philippine Civil Service Exam (CSC CSE-PPT Professional & Sub-Professional): Complete Study Guide & 22 Worked Problems > Comprehensive textbook-grade study guide for the Philippine Civil Service Commission (CSC) Career Service Examination Pen-and-Paper Test (CSE-PPT) and COMEX (Professional & Sub-Professional): 1987 Philippine Constitution, RA 6713 Code of Conduct, RA 11032 ARTA 3-7-20 Rule, Verbal, Analytical & Clerical Filing Rules, Numerical Reasoning shortcuts, and 22 fully worked practice questions. - **Canonical URL:** https://flashcards.world/guides/en/philippines-csc-civil-service-exam-professional-subprofessional-guide-en/ - **Markdown URL:** https://flashcards.world/guides/en/philippines-csc-civil-service-exam-professional-subprofessional-guide-en.md - **Topic / Curriculum:** Philippine Civil Service (CSC CSE-PPT), DFA Foreign Service Officer (FSO), NAPOLCOM & Bar Exam - **Language:** en # Philippine Civil Service Exam (*CSC CSE-PPT Professional & Sub-Professional*): Complete Study Guide The **Career Service Examination Pen-and-Paper Test (CSE-PPT)** and **Computerized Examination (CSC COMEX)** administered by the **Civil Service Commission (CSC)** are the primary merit-based gateways to permanent career appointments in the Philippine public sector under **Article IX-B of the 1987 Constitution** and **Subtitle A, Title I, Book V of Executive Order No. 292 (Administrative Code of 1987)**. With over **350,000–400,000 examinees** per national sitting and historical national passing rates ranging between **11% and 19%**, achieving the mandatory **80.00% general rating** demands speed, statutory precision, and mastery of quantitative and verbal shortcuts. > [!IMPORTANT] > Both the **Professional** and **Sub-Professional** levels require a minimum general rating of **80.00%** to confer Civil Service Eligibility. There is **no right-minus-wrong penalty** on the CSE-PPT—never leave any item blank on your Optical Mark Reader (OMR) answer sheet. --- ## 1. Exam Blueprint, Career Service Tiers & Statutory Exemptions ### 1.1 Professional vs. Sub-Professional CSE-PPT Architecture | Feature | Career Service **Professional** Level | Career Service **Sub-Professional** Level | |---|---|---| | **Target Positions (EO 292)** | Qualifies for **both First Level and Second Level** positions (professional, technical, and scientific positions up to division chief level requiring a 4-year bachelor's degree). Does *not* include third-level Career Executive Service (CES) posts. | Qualifies **only for First Level** positions (clerical, trades, crafts, and custodial service positions involving non-professional or sub-professional work). | | **Total Test Items** | **170 Multiple-Choice Items** (20 EDGS + 150 Scored Operational Items) | **165 Multiple-Choice Items** (20 EDGS + 145 Scored Operational Items) | | **Time Limit & Pace** | **3 hours and 10 minutes** (190 minutes; ~67 seconds per item) | **2 hours and 40 minutes** (160 minutes; ~58 seconds per item) | | **Passing Standard** | **80.00%** general weighted rating | **80.00%** general weighted rating | | **Core Domains Tested** | 1. **Verbal Ability** (English & Filipino)
2. **Analytical Ability** (*Unique to Professional*: Word Association, Assumptions & Conclusions, Logic, Data Interpretation)
3. **Numerical Ability**
4. **General Information** | 1. **Verbal Ability** (English & Filipino)
2. **Clerical Ability** (*Unique to Sub-Prof*: Alphabetical Filing, Spelling, Clerical Instructions)
3. **Numerical Ability**
4. **General Information** | ### 1.2 Statutory Eligibilities & Examination Exemptions 1. **Bar and PRC Board Examination Passers (RA 1080)**: Passers of the Supreme Court Bar Examinations and licensure examinations administered by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) are automatically granted civil service eligibility equivalent to **First and Second Level** career service eligibility. 2. **Honor Graduate Eligibility (PD 907)**: Filipino citizens who graduate *summa cum laude*, *magna cum laude*, or *cum laude* from CHED-recognized private higher education institutions or state/local universities and colleges (SUCs/LUCs) are granted **Honor Graduate Eligibility (HGE)** without taking the CSE-PPT. 3. **Sanggunian Member Eligibility (RA 10156)**, **Barangay Official Eligibility (RA 7160)**, **Foreign School Honor Graduate Eligibility (CSC Resolution No. 1302714)**, and **Veteran Preference Rating (EO 132 / EO 790)**: Specialized statutory eligibilities granted upon verification byCSC Regional Offices. ```mermaid flowchart LR A["CSC CSE-PPT Examinee
(Filipino Citizen, >= 18 yrs old,
No Criminal Conviction)"] --> B{"Select Exam Level"} B -->|Professional: 170 Items / 190 Min| C["Verbal + Analytical +
Numerical + General Info"] B -->|Sub-Professional: 165 Items / 160 Min| D["Verbal + Clerical +
Numerical + General Info"] C --> E["General Rating >= 80.00%"] D --> E E --> F["Second & First Level Eligibility (Prof)
or First Level Eligibility (Sub-Prof)"] ``` --- ## 2. General Information: 1987 Constitution, RA 6713, RA 11032 (ARTA) & Environmental Laws ### 2.1 High-Yield Articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution | Article | Subject | High-Yield Exam Rules & Constitutional Mandates | |---|---|---| | **Art. I** | **National Territory** | Incorporates the **Archipelagic Doctrine**: waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal/archipelagic waters of the Philippines. | | **Art. II** | **Declaration of Principles & State Policies** | **Sec. 1**: Democratic and republican State; sovereignty resides in the people. **Sec. 2**: Renounces **offensive/aggressive war** (not defensive war) and adopts generally accepted principles of international law (Doctrine of Incorporation). **Sec. 3**: Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. **Sec. 6**: Separation of Church and State is inviolable. **Sec. 16**: Right to a balanced and healthful ecology (*Oposa v. Factoran*). | | **Art. III** | **Bill of Rights** | **Sec. 1**: Due process and equal protection. **Sec. 2**: Search warrants and arrest warrants issued **only by a judge** after personal determination of probable cause. **Sec. 3(2)**: Exclusionary rule (*Fruit of the Poisonous Tree*). **Sec. 12**: *Miranda* rights under custodial investigation (waivable only in writing and in the presence of counsel; **RA 7438**). **Sec. 13**: Bail is a matter of right before conviction except for offenses punishable by *reclusion perpetua* when evidence of guilt is strong. **Sec. 15**: Privilege of the writ of *habeas corpus* suspended only in case of invasion or rebellion when public safety requires it. **Sec. 20**: No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax (*cedula*). **Sec. 21**: Right against double jeopardy. **Sec. 22**: No *ex post facto* law or bill of attainder shall be enacted. | | **Art. IV** | **Citizenship** | Follows ***jus sanguinis*** (blood relationship). Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship (including those who elect Philippine citizenship before turning 21 if born before Jan. 17, 1973 to Filipino mothers). **RA 9225** allows natural-born citizens naturalized abroad to re-acquire/retain Philippine citizenship upon taking the Oath of Allegiance. | | **Art. VI** | **Legislative Department** | Vested in the bicameral **Congress of the Philippines**: **Senate** (24 Senators elected at large, 6-year term, max 2 consecutive terms; natural-born, >= 35 years old) and **House of Representatives** (District + **20% Party-List**, 3-year term, max 3 consecutive terms; natural-born, >= 25 years old). **Sec. 23(1)**: Congress by **2/3 vote of both Houses in joint session voting separately** has sole power to declare the existence of a state of war. **Sec. 27**: Presidential veto overridden by 2/3 vote of each House; bills lapse into law after **30 days** of Presidential inaction; line-item veto allowed for appropriation, revenue, or tariff bills. | | **Art. VII** | **Executive Department** | **President** and **Vice-President** (natural-born, >= 40 years old, 10-year residency; 6-year term; President ineligible for any re-election; VP max 2 consecutive terms; anyone succeeding as President for > 4 years is disqualified from running). **Line of Succession (Sec. 8)**: VP $\rightarrow$ Senate President $\rightarrow$ Speaker of the House. **Martial Law (Sec. 18)**: Max **60 days**; President reports to Congress within **48 hours**; Congress may revoke by majority vote in joint session (voting jointly), and the Supreme Court may review sufficiency of the factual basis within **30 days** of any citizen's petition. | | **Art. VIII** | **Judicial Department** | **Supreme Court**: 1 Chief Justice + 14 Associate Justices (15 total; natural-born, >= 40 years old, 15 years judge/law practice; mandatory retirement at **age 70**). Appointed by the President from a list of at least 3 nominees prepared by the **Judicial and Bar Council (JBC)** (no Commission on Appointments confirmation). Expanded judicial power covers grave abuse of discretion. Special writs: **Writ of Amparo**, **Writ of Habeas Data**, and **Writ of Kalikasan**. | | **Art. IX** | **Constitutional Commissions** | **CSC** (1 Chair + 2 Commissioners), **COMELEC** (1 Chair + 6 Commissioners), **COA** (1 Chair + 2 Commissioners). All serve a staggered **7-year term without reappointment** and enjoy fiscal autonomy. | | **Art. XI** | **Accountability of Public Officers** | **Sec. 1**: *Public office is a public trust.* **Sec. 2**: Exclusive list of **impeachable officials**: President, Vice-President, Supreme Court Justices, Members of the Constitutional Commissions (CSC, COMELEC, COA), and the **Ombudsman**. **Six grounds**: Culpable violation of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other high crimes, or betrayal of public trust. House initiates (**1/3 vote**); Senate tries and convicts (**2/3 vote**). | | **Art. XVII** | **Amendments or Revisions** | Proposed via: (1) **Constituent Assembly** (Congress by 3/4 vote), (2) **Constitutional Convention** (called by 2/3 vote of Congress or majority vote submitted to electorate), or (3) **People's Initiative** (petition of **>= 12% of total registered voters**, with each legislative district represented by **>= 3%**; applies **only to amendments**, never to revisions). Ratified by majority vote in a plebiscite held 60–90 days thereafter. | ### 2.2 Republic Act No. 6713 (Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards) Enacted on February 20, 1989, **RA 6713** establishes the **Eight Norms of Conduct (Section 4)** required of every public official and employee: 1. **Commitment to Public Interest**: Public interest must always be upheld over personal interest; government resources must be employed efficiently, honestly, and economically. 2. **Professionalism**: Perform duties with the highest degree of excellence, intelligence, and skill, avoiding careerism or dispensations of special favors. 3. **Justness and Sincerity**: Remain true to the people at all times; do not discriminate against anyone, especially the poor and underprivileged. 4. **Political Neutrality**: Provide service to everyone without unfair discrimination and regardless of party affiliation or preference. 5. **Responsiveness to the Public**: Extend prompt, courteous, and adequate service; simplify procedures and avoid red tape. 6. **Nationalism and Patriotism**: Be loyal to the Republic and the Filipino people, promote the use of locally produced goods, and maintain national pride. 7. **Commitment to Democracy**: Maintain the principle of public accountability and manifest by deeds the supremacy of civilian authority over the military. 8. **Simple Living**: Lead modest lives appropriate to their positions and income; refrain from ostentatious display of wealth. **Critical Statutory Deadlines and Prohibitions under RA 6713:** - **Section 5(a) (Act Promptly on Letters and Requests)**: Public officials must respond to letters, telegrams, or other means of communications sent by the public within **fifteen (15) working days** from receipt thereof, stating the action taken. - **Section 6 (System of Incentives and Rewards)**: Administered by the CSC Honor Awards Program (HAP), conferring the **Presidential Lingkod Bayan**, **Dangal ng Bayan** (under RA 6713), and **CSC Pagasa** Awards. - **Section 7(b) (Post-Employment Prohibition)**: Former public officials are prohibited for **one (1) year** after resignation, retirement, or separation from practicing their profession in connection with any matter before the office they used to be with. - **Section 7(d) (Solicitation/Acceptance of Gifts & Nepotism)**: Public officials shall not solicit or accept, directly or indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan, or anything of monetary value from any person in the course of their official duties. Under EO 292 and CSC rules, **Nepotism** prohibits appointments in the national, provincial, city, or municipal government made in favor of a relative of the appointing or recommending authority, or chief of bureau/office, or person exercising immediate supervision, within the **third (3rd) degree of consanguinity or affinity** (exempting confidential capacity, teachers, physicians, and members of the AFP). - **Section 8 (Statement of Assets, Liabilities, and Net Worth — SALN)**: Every public officer and employee (except those serving in an honorary capacity, laborers, and casual/temporary workers) must file under oath their **SALN** and Disclosure of Business Interests and Financial Connections: 1. Within **thirty (30) days** after assumption of office; 2. On or before **April 30** of every year thereafter; and 3. Within **thirty (30) days** after separation from the service. - **Section 9 (Divestment)**: When a conflict of interest arises, a public official must resign from their position in any private business enterprise within **thirty (30) days** from assumption of office and/or divest themselves of their shareholdings or interest within **sixty (60) days** from such assumption. ### 2.3 RA 11032 (Ease of Doing Business / ARTA), RA 3019, RA 7080 & Environmental Laws - **RA 11032 (Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018)**: Amended RA 9485 (Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007) and created the **Anti-Red Tape Authority (ARTA)**: - **The 3-7-20 Rule**: Mandates maximum processing times of **3 working days** for simple transactions, **7 working days** for complex transactions, and **20 working days** for highly technical applications or activities posing risks to public health, safety, morals, or policy. - **Maximum Signatures & Single Extension**: Limits signatories on any document/permit to a maximum of **three (3) signatures**; processing time may be extended **only once** for the same number of days with prior written notice to the applicant. - **Automatic Approval & Zero-Contact Policy**: Failure to approve or disapprove an original application or renewal within the prescribed period (once all required documents are submitted and fees paid) results in **automatic approval/renewal**. Implements a **Zero-Contact Policy** after preliminary assessment of completeness. - **RA 3019 (Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act)** & **RA 7080 (Plunder)**: RA 3019 Sec. 3(e) penalizes causing undue injury to any party (including the Government) or giving any private party unwarranted benefits through manifest partiality, evident bad faith, or gross inexcusable negligence. **RA 7080** defines **Plunder** as amassing ill-gotten wealth through a combination or series of overt criminal acts in an aggregate amount of at least **PHP 50,000,000.00**, punishable by *reclusion perpetua*. - **Core Philippine Environmental & DRRM Laws**: - **RA 9003**: Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (mandating waste segregation at source, 3Rs, and closure of open dumpsites). - **RA 8749**: Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (banning incineration emitting toxic/dioxin fumes and regulating vehicular/industrial emissions). - **RA 9275**: Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004. - **RA 6969**: Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990. - **RA 9729**: Climate Change Act of 2009 (creating the Climate Change Commission). - **RA 10121**: Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Act of 2010 (establishing the **NDRRMC** across 4 thematic areas: Prevention/Mitigation [DOST], Preparedness [DILG], Response [DSWD], and Rehabilitation/Recovery [NEDA]). --- ## 3. Verbal, Analytical & Clerical Ability: Grammar, Logic & Filing Rules ### 3.1 Master Subject-Verb Agreement & Sentence Correction Rules 1. **Intervening Phrases**: Phrases introduced by *together with*, *along with*, *as well as*, *in addition to*, *including*, or *accompanied by* do **not** affect the number of the subject. (*"The Division Chief, along with her three analysts, **is** attending the hearing."*) 2. **Correlative Conjunctions (*Either...or*, *Neither...nor*, *Not only...but also*)**: The verb agrees in number and person with the **nearer subject** (the subject closest to the verb). (*"Neither the clerks nor the director **has** signed the voucher."*) 3. **Indefinite Pronouns**: - **Always Singular**: *each, every, either, neither, one, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing*. - **Always Plural**: *both, few, many, several*. - **SANAM (*Some, All, None, Any, Most*)**: Takes a singular verb if the noun in the *of-phrase* is uncountable/singular (*"Some of the information **is** confidential"*), and a plural verb if countable/plural (*"Some of the files **are** missing"*). 4. ***The number of* vs. *A number of***: **"The number of"** is always **singular** (*"The number of examinees **is** rising"*); **"A number of"** (meaning *many*) is always **plural** (*"A number of examinees **are** waiting"*). 5. **Conditional Tenses & Subjunctive Mood**: - **First Conditional (Real Future)**: *If + Present Simple $\rightarrow$ will + base verb*. - **Second Conditional (Present Unreal / Hypothetical)**: *If + Past Simple (`were` for all subjects) $\rightarrow$ would + base verb* (*"If he **were** eligible, he **would apply**"*). - **Third Conditional (Past Unreal)**: *If + Past Perfect (`had + V3`) $\rightarrow$ would have + Past Participle (`V3`)* (*"If she **had reviewed** the Citizen's Charter, she **would have avoided** the delay"*). ### 3.2 Analytical Ability (Professional Level): Logic, Assumptions & Conclusions - **Conditional Logic ($P \rightarrow Q$)**: Given *"If an employee is permanent ($P$), they have security of tenure ($Q$)"*: - **Modus Ponens (Valid)**: $P$ is true $\therefore Q$ is true. - **Modus Tollens / Contrapositive (Valid)**: $\sim Q \rightarrow \sim P$ (*"If an employee does NOT have security of tenure, they are NOT permanent"*). - **Formal Fallacies (Invalid)**: Affirming the Consequent ($Q \rightarrow P$) and Denying the Antecedent ($\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q$). - **Logical Negation of Quantifiers**: The contradictory of *"All $A$ are $B$"* is **"Some $A$ are not $B$"** (NOT *"No $A$ are $B$"*). The contradictory of *"No $A$ are $B$"* is **"Some $A$ are $B$"**. - **Assumptions vs. Conclusions**: An **Assumption** is an unstated premise that *must* be true for the author's argument to hold (verify using the **Negation Test**: if negating the statement destroys the conclusion, it is a necessary assumption). A **Conclusion / Inference** must follow with 100% certainty from the explicit text; eliminate choices containing extreme absolutes (*all, never, only, always*) unless warranted by universal premises. ### 3.3 Clerical Ability (Sub-Professional Level): The 8 CSC Alphabetical Filing Rules | Rule # | Filing Principle | Indexing Transformation & Worked Example | |---|---|---| | **Rule 1** | **Personal Names** | Transpose as **Unit 1: Surname**, **Unit 2: First Name**, **Unit 3: Middle Name/Initial**. (*"Andres C. Bonifacio"* $\rightarrow$ `Bonifacio, Andres C.`) | | **Rule 2** | **Nothing Comes Before Something** | A shorter unit or single initial precedes a longer unit starting with the same letters: `Reyes, M.` $\rightarrow$ `Reyes, M. L.` $\rightarrow$ `Reyes, Maria` $\rightarrow$ `Reyes, Maria L.` | | **Rule 3** | **Surname Prefixes (*De, De la, Del, San, Mac, Mc*)** | Prefixes are treated as an inseparable part of the surname (Unit 1) and filed letter-by-letter in strict alphabetical order: `De Guzman, Ana` $\rightarrow$ `De la Cruz, Jose` $\rightarrow$ `Dela Rosa, Pedro` $\rightarrow$ `Del Rosario, Leo`. | | **Rule 4** | **Hyphenated Surnames** | Hyphenated surnames are indexed as **one single unit** ignoring the hyphen: `Santos-Cruz, Elena` is indexed as `Santoscruz, Elena` (which comes *after* `Santos, Roberto` because `Santos` has 6 letters while `Santoscruz` has 10). | | **Rule 5** | **Titles, Degrees & Seniority** | Professional/courtesy titles (*Dr., Atty., Engr., Gen., Hon.*) and academic degrees (*CPA, M.D., Ph.D.*) are **disregarded**, unless two names are otherwise identical, where seniority (*Jr., Sr., II, III*) or titles in parentheses break ties. | | **Rule 6** | **Articles, Prepositions & Conjunctions** | Initial articles (*The, A, An*) and internal prepositions/conjunctions (*of, in, for, and, &*) in business names are disregarded: *"The Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines"* $\rightarrow$ `Chamber` \| `Commerce` \| `Philippines`. | | **Rule 7** | **Abbreviations & Numbers** | Abbreviations (*St., Mt., Phil., Co., Inc.*) and numbers written in digits are indexed **as if spelled out in full**: *"St. Paul College"* $\rightarrow$ `Saint Paul College`; *"5-Star Logistics"* $\rightarrow$ `Five Star Logistics` (filed under F). | | **Rule 8** | **Government Agencies** | Indexed first under the sovereign jurisdiction (`Philippines, Republic of the`), then the principal **Department**, then the **Bureau/Office** (`Finance, Department of — Internal Revenue, Bureau of`). | --- ## 4. Numerical Reasoning: High-Speed Formulas & Word Problem Templates | Problem Type | Master Formula / Shortcut | |---|---| | **Base, Rate & Percentage** | $\text{Percentage} = \text{Base} \times \text{Rate}$; $\quad \text{Original Price before } d\% \text{ discount} = \dfrac{\text{Sale Price}}{1 - d/100}$ | | **Successive Percentage Changes** | Net factor for changes $a\%$ and $b\%$: $\text{Net Change} = \left(a + b + \dfrac{ab}{100}\right)\%$ | | **Combined Work / Pipes** | $\dfrac{1}{T_{\text{total}}} = \dfrac{1}{T_A} + \dfrac{1}{T_B} - \dfrac{1}{T_{\text{drain}}}$; for two workers $A$ and $B$: $T_{\text{total}} = \dfrac{T_A \cdot T_B}{T_A + T_B}$ | | **Inverse Proportion (Workers)** | $\dfrac{W_1 \times D_1 \times H_1}{\text{Output}_1} = \dfrac{W_2 \times D_2 \times H_2}{\text{Output}_2}$ | | **Motion: Opposite vs. Pursuit** | **Opposite / Meeting**: $v_{\text{rel}} = v_1 + v_2$, $t = \dfrac{D}{v_1 + v_2}$. $\quad$ **Catch-Up / Pursuit**: $t_{\text{catch}} = \dfrac{\text{Head-Start Distance}}{v_{\text{fast}} - v_{\text{slow}}}$ | | **Round-Trip Average Speed** | For equal distances at speeds $v_1$ and $v_2$: $v_{\text{avg}} = \dfrac{2 v_1 v_2}{v_1 + v_2}$ (Harmonic Mean) | | **Mixture Concentration** | $C_1 V_1 + C_2 V_2 = C_{\text{final}}(V_1 + V_2)$ | | **Simple & Compound Interest** | Simple: $I = P \cdot r \cdot t$. $\quad$ Compound: $A = P\left(1 + \dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{nt}$ | | **Inclusion-Exclusion (2 Sets)** | $\lvert A \cup B\rvert = \lvert A\rvert + \lvert B\rvert - \lvert A \cap B\rvert = N_{\text{total}} - N_{\text{neither}}$ | --- ## 5. 22 Worked Multiple-Choice Practice Questions with Full Rationales ### Part A: General Information (1987 Constitution, RA 6713, RA 11032, RA 3019) **Question 1 (1987 Constitution — Impeachment):** Which of the following public officials is **NOT** removable by impeachment under Article XI, Section 2 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution? - A. Chairperson of the Civil Service Commission - B. The Ombudsman - C. Senate President - D. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court > **Correct Answer: C.** Under Article XI, Section 2, the exclusive list of impeachable officials consists of the President, the Vice-President, the Members of the Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional Commissions (CSC, COMELEC, COA), and the Ombudsman. The Senate President is not an impeachable officer and may be removed or replaced as Senate President at any time by a majority vote of the Senators, or expelled/suspended as a Senator by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of all Members of the Senate (Art. VI, Sec. 16(3)). **Question 2 (1987 Constitution — Martial Law & Commander-in-Chief Powers):** Upon proclaiming Martial Law or suspending the privilege of the writ of *habeas corpus* in case of invasion or rebellion, within how many hours must the President submit a report in person or in writing to Congress, and what is the maximum initial duration of such proclamation without Congressional extension? - A. Within 24 hours; maximum of 30 days - B. Within 48 hours; maximum of 60 days - C. Within 72 hours; maximum of 60 days - D. Within 48 hours; maximum of 90 days > **Correct Answer: B.** Under Article VII, Section 18 of the 1987 Constitution, the proclamation of martial law or suspension of the privilege of the writ of *habeas corpus* shall not exceed **sixty (60) days**, and within **forty-eight (48) hours** from the proclamation or suspension, the President shall submit a report in person or in writing to the Congress. **Question 3 (RA 6713 — SALN & Divestment Deadlines):** Newly appointed Division ChiefElena assumed office in the Department of Finance on July 1, 2026. Under Republic Act No. 6713, within how many days from assumption of office must she file her initial Statement of Assets, Liabilities, and Net Worth (SALN), and if a conflict of interest exists with a private corporation where she is a corporate officer and shareholder, within what periods must she resign from her private post and divest her shareholdings? - A. SALN within 15 days; resign within 30 days; divest within 30 days - B. SALN within 30 days; resign within 30 days; divest within 60 days - C. SALN by April 30; resign within 60 days; divest within 90 days - D. SALN within 30 days; resign within 15 days; divest within 45 days > **Correct Answer: B.** Under Section 8 of RA 6713, a newly appointed public officer must file their initial SALN within **thirty (30) days** after assumption of office (in addition to annual filing on or before April 30 and within 30 days after separation). Under Section 9, when a conflict of interest arises, they must resign from their private business position within **thirty (30) days** and divest their shareholdings or interest within **sixty (60) days** from assumption of office. **Question 4 (RA 11032 — Ease of Doing Business / ARTA):** An entrepreneur submits a complete application with all required fees for a complex business permit to a city government. Under Republic Act No. 11032, within how many working days must the local government unit act on this complex transaction, how many signatures may be required on the permit, and what happens if the agency fails to act within the prescribed period without a valid written extension? - A. 3 working days; max 5 signatures; applicant must re-file - B. 7 working days; max 3 signatures; the application is deemed automatically approved - C. 15 working days; max 3 signatures; the application is elevated to the CSC - D. 20 working days; max 4 signatures; the application is deemed automatically denied > **Correct Answer: B.** Under Sections 9 and 10 of RA 11032, simple transactions must be processed within **3 working days**, **complex transactions within 7 working days**, and highly technical applications within **20 working days**. Signatories are capped at **three (3) signatures**, and if an agency fails to approve or disapprove an original application or renewal within the prescribed period after all requirements and fees are submitted, the application is **deemed automatically approved**. **Question 5 (1987 Constitution — Constitutional Amendment vs. Revision):** A national advocacy coalition gathers signatures from 14% of all registered voters nationwide (with at least 4% in every legislative district) for a People's Initiative proposing to shift the Philippines from a presidential-bicameral system to a unicameral parliamentary system. Under Article XVII, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution and *Lambino v. COMELEC*, is this petition valid? - A. Yes, because it exceeded the 12% national and 3% district signature thresholds. - B. No, because a People's Initiative requires 20% of registered voters nationwide. - C. No, because a People's Initiative may only be used to propose *amendments*, never a wholesale *revision* of the Constitution. - D. Yes, provided the President endorses the petition to COMELEC. > **Correct Answer: C.** Under Article XVII, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution, the people may directly propose **amendments** to the Constitution through a People's Initiative (12% national / 3% per legislative district). In *Lambino v. COMELEC* (G.R. No. 174153, 2006), the Supreme Court held that shifting from a presidential-bicameral system to a unicameral-parliamentary system alters the basic structure of government and constitutes a **revision**, which can only be proposed by Congress (Constituent Assembly) or a Constitutional Convention. **Question 6 (Environmental & DRRM Laws):** Under Republic Act No. 10121 (Philippine DRRM Act of 2010), which government agency serves as the Vice-Chairperson for **Disaster Preparedness**, and which serves as Vice-Chairperson for **Disaster Response**? - A. DOST for Preparedness; DILG for Response - B. DILG for Preparedness; DSWD for Response - C. DND for Preparedness; NEDA for Response - D. DENR for Preparedness; DOH for Response > **Correct Answer: B.** Under RA 10121, the Secretary of National Defense (DND) serves as Chairperson of the NDRRMC, while the four Vice-Chairpersons are: **DOST** (Disaster Prevention and Mitigation), **DILG** (Disaster Preparedness), **DSWD** (Disaster Response), and **NEDA/DEPDev** (Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery). --- ### Part B: Verbal, Analytical & Clerical Ability **Question 7 (Subject-Verb Agreement):** Select the grammatically correct sentence for formal government correspondence: - A. Neither the Regional Director nor the division chiefs was informed of the audit schedule. - B. The number of pending administrative cases have decreased significantly this quarter. - C. Each of the shortlisted candidates, together with their references, has been verified by the HRMO. - D. A number of frontline personnel is undergoing training on the new ARTA Citizen's Charter. > **Correct Answer: C.** In **C**, the subject is the singular indefinite pronoun *"Each"*, and the intervening phrase *"together with their references"* does not change the number of the subject, so the singular verb *"has been verified"* is correct. In **A**, *"neither...nor"* agrees with the nearer plural subject (*"division chiefs"* $\rightarrow$ *were*). In **B**, *"The number of"* takes a singular verb (*has decreased*). In **D**, *"A number of"* takes a plural verb (*are undergoing*). **Question 8 (Sentence Correction — Modifiers & Parallelism):** Identify the sentence that is free of dangling modifiers and faulty parallelism: - A. Reviewing the financial statements, several discrepancies were discovered by the COA auditor. - B. While reviewing the financial statements, the COA auditor discovered several discrepancies. - C. The new procurement portal is designed to increase transparency, for reducing delays, and it eliminates fixers. - D. Had the contractor submitted the performance bond on time, the agency will issue the Notice to Proceed. > **Correct Answer: B.** In **A**, *"Reviewing the financial statements"* dangles because *"several discrepancies"* cannot review statements. **B** properly places the doer (*"the COA auditor"*) as the subject of the main clause. **C** violates parallelism, and **D** mixes a Third Conditional *if*-clause (*"Had the contractor submitted..."*) with a First Conditional result (*"will issue"* instead of *"would have issued"*). **Question 9 (Word Association / Analogy):** `NEPOTISM : RELATIVES :: ___________ : ___________` - A. `PLUNDER : ELECTIONS` - B. `CRONYISM : FRIENDS` - C. `MERITOCRACY : PATRONAGE` - D. `SUBPOENA : WITNESS` > **Correct Answer: B.** *Nepotism* is the unethical practice of granting favors or appointments to *relatives*; analogously, *Cronyism* is the practice of granting appointments or favors to close *friends* and associates regardless of qualifications. **Question 10 (Assumptions & Conclusions):** *"To reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions in Metro Manila, the Civil Service Commission issued guidelines allowing government agencies to adopt a four-day compressed workweek and hybrid telecommuting for non-frontline personnel."* Which of the following is an **underlying assumption** required for this policy to achieve its stated goal? - A. All government employees in Metro Manila own private motor vehicles. - B. Frontline medical and emergency personnel will also work from home on Fridays. - C. Reducing the number of days non-frontline government employees commute to physical offices will measurably lower overall commuter volume and vehicle emissions. - D. Private sector corporations will immediately copy the CSC's four-day workweek policy. > **Correct Answer: C.** Applying the **Negation Test**: if reducing the commute days of non-frontline government workers did *not* reduce commuter volume and vehicle emissions, the policy could not achieve its stated goal of reducing traffic congestion and carbon emissions. Choices A, B, and D go beyond what is necessary for the argument. **Question 11 (Syllogistic & Conditional Logic):** Premise 1: *All Career Executive Service Officers (CESOs) have passed the CES examination.* Premise 2: *No contractual personnel have passed the CES examination.* Premise 3: *Some policy consultants in the department are contractual personnel.* Which conclusion **necessarily follows**? - A. No policy consultants in the department are CESOs. - B. Some policy consultants in the department are not CESOs. - C. All employees who passed the CES examination are CESOs. - D. Some CESOs are contractual personnel. > **Correct Answer: B.** From Premises 1 and 2, since all CESOs are in the circle of CES exam passers and no contractual personnel are in that circle, **no contractual personnel are CESOs**. Since Premise 3 states that *some policy consultants are contractual personnel*, those specific policy consultants cannot be CESOs; therefore, **some policy consultants in the department are not CESOs** (Choice B). Choice A is too broad because the remaining policy consultants might be CESOs. **Question 12 (Analytical Seating Arrangement):** Six division chiefs—**P, Q, R, S, T, and U**—sit around a circular conference table facing the center: 1. **P** sits directly opposite **S**. 2. **Q** sits immediately to the right of **P**. 3. **R** is NOT adjacent to **P** and sits immediately to the left of **S**. 4. **T** sits between **Q** and **S**. Who sits directly opposite **Q**? - A. R - B. T - C. U - D. S > **Correct Answer: A (R).** Place **P** at the 6 o'clock position facing the center; then **S** is at 12 o'clock (opposite P). Facing the center, immediately to P's right is the 4 o'clock seat (**Q**). Between Q (4 o'clock) and S (12 o'clock) is the 2 o'clock seat (**T**). Facing the center from S (12 o'clock), immediately to S's left is the 10 o'clock seat (**R**), leaving the 8 o'clock seat for **U**. The seat directly opposite **Q** (4 o'clock) is the 10 o'clock seat, occupied by **R**. **Question 13 (Clerical Ability — Alphabetical Filing):** Arrange the following five records in strict alphabetical order according to CSC Clerical Filing Rules: 1. `Dr. Jose M. De la Cruz` 2. `Engr. Josefa Del Rosario` 3. `Jose De Guzman, Jr.` 4. `Atty. Joseph Dela Rosa` 5. `Jose M. De la Cruz, Sr.` - A. `3 - 1 - 5 - 4 - 2` - B. `3 - 5 - 1 - 4 - 2` - C. `1 - 5 - 3 - 2 - 4` - D. `3 - 1 - 5 - 2 - 4` > **Correct Answer: A (`3 - 1 - 5 - 4 - 2`).** Strip titles/degrees (*Dr., Engr., Atty.*) except as final tie-breakers, and treat prefixed surnames as single units letter-by-letter: > - (3) `Deguzman, Jose (Jr.)` (`D-e-g...`) > - (1) `Delacruz, Jose M. (Dr.)` (`D-e-l-a-c...` — comparing `(Dr.)` vs. `(Sr.)`, `Dr.` precedes `Sr.`) > - (5) `Delacruz, Jose M. (Sr.)` > - (4) `Delarosa, Joseph` (`D-e-l-a-r...`) > - (2) `Delrosario, Josefa` (`D-e-l-r...`) > Thus the exact filing sequence is **3 - 1 - 5 - 4 - 2**. **Question 14 (Clerical Ability — Business & Government Names):** Which of the following four organizational names should be filed **FIRST** alphabetically? 1. `The 3M Manufacturing Corp.` 2. `St. Luke's Medical Center` 3. `San Miguel Corporation` 4. `7-Eleven Philippines, Inc.` - A. 1 - B. 2 - C. 3 - D. 4 > **Correct Answer: B (`St. Luke's Medical Center`).** Spell out abbreviations and initial numerals, and ignore initial articles (*The*): > - (2) `Saint Lukes Medical Center` (`S-a-i-n-t...`) > - (3) `San Miguel Corporation` (`S-a-n...`) > - (4) `Seven Eleven Philippines Incorporated` (`S-e-v-e-n...`) > - (1) `Three M Manufacturing Corporation` (`T-h-r-e-e...`) > Since `S-a-i` precedes `S-a-n`, `S-e-v`, and `T-h-r`, **2** is filed first. --- ### Part C: Numerical Reasoning & Data Interpretation **Question 15 (Number Series):** Find the missing number in the sequence: `4, 6, 12, 14, 28, 30, ___` - A. 32 - B. 56 - C. 60 - D. 62 > **Correct Answer: C (60).** The alternating operational pattern is **$+2$, then $\times 2$**: $4 + 2 = 6$; $6 \times 2 = 12$; $12 + 2 = 14$; $14 \times 2 = 28$; $28 + 2 = 30$; $30 \times 2 = \mathbf{60}$. **Question 16 (Percentage & Original Price):** After receiving a 15% early-payment discount, a municipal government paid PHP 127,500 for office equipment. What was the original invoice price before the discount? - A. PHP 146,625 - B. PHP 150,000 - C. PHP 148,500 - D. PHP 152,500 > **Correct Answer: B (PHP 150,000).** A 15% discount means the amount paid represents $85\%$ ($0.85$) of the original price: > $$\text{Original Price} = \frac{127,500}{0.85} = \frac{12,750,000}{85} = \text{PHP } 150,000$$ **Question 17 (Age Word Problem):** Today, a father is 4 times as old as his son. Six years ago, the father was 7 times as old as his son was then. What is the sum of their ages today? - A. 55 - B. 60 - C. 65 - D. 70 > **Correct Answer: B (60).** Let the son's present age be $x$ and the father's present age be $4x$. Six years ago, their ages were $x - 6$ and $4x - 6$: > $$4x - 6 = 7(x - 6) \implies 4x - 6 = 7x - 42 \implies 3x = 36 \implies x = 12$$ > Today, the son is $12$ and the father is $4(12) = 48$. The sum of their present ages is $12 + 48 = \mathbf{60}$. **Question 18 (Combined Work & Pipes):** Encoding Team A can digitize an archive in 12 days, while Encoding Team B can complete the same archive in 15 days. Both teams work together for 4 days, after which Team A is reassigned to another project. How many **additional days** will it take Team B working alone to finish the remaining archive? - A. 5 days - B. 6 days - C. 7 days - D. 8 days > **Correct Answer: B (6 days).** Combined daily rate of A and B: $\frac{1}{12} + \frac{1}{15} = \frac{5 + 4}{60} = \frac{9}{60} = \frac{3}{20}$ per day. In 4 days together, they complete $4 \times \frac{3}{20} = \frac{12}{20} = \frac{3}{5}$ of the archive, leaving $1 - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{2}{5}$ remaining. Team B's solo rate is $\frac{1}{15}$ per day, so additional days for B alone $= \frac{2/5}{1/15} = \frac{2}{5} \times 15 = \mathbf{6\text{ days}}$. **Question 19 (Distance-Speed-Time Pursuit):** A delivery van leaves Quezon City at 6:00 AM traveling north at an average speed of 55 km/h. At 7:30 AM, an inspection vehicle leaves the same station along the same highway at 85 km/h to deliver urgent documents to the van. At what time will the inspection vehicle catch up with the delivery van? - A. 9:45 AM - B. 10:00 AM - C. 10:15 AM - D. 10:30 AM > **Correct Answer: C (10:15 AM).** From 6:00 AM to 7:30 AM ($1.5\text{ hours}$), the delivery van builds a head start of $55\text{ km/h} \times 1.5\text{ h} = 82.5\text{ km}$. The relative catch-up speed is $85 - 55 = 30\text{ km/h}$. Catch-up time $= \frac{82.5\text{ km}}{30\text{ km/h}} = 2.75\text{ hours} = 2\text{ hours and } 45\text{ minutes}$. Adding $2\text{ hrs } 45\text{ mins}$ to 7:30 AM gives **10:15 AM**. **Question 20 (Mixture Concentration):** A hospital pharmacy has 30 liters of a 25% antiseptic solution. How many liters of a 75% antiseptic solution must be mixed with it to obtain a 45% antiseptic solution? - A. 15 liters - B. 18 liters - C. 20 liters - D. 24 liters > **Correct Answer: C (20 liters).** Set up the solute balance equation: > $$0.25(30) + 0.75(x) = 0.45(30 + x) \implies 7.5 + 0.75x = 13.5 + 0.45x \implies 0.30x = 6.0 \implies x = \mathbf{20\text{ liters}}$$ **Question 21 (Data Interpretation — Pie Chart Budget):** A national agency has a total annual MOOE budget of PHP 180,000,000 represented on a pie chart: Training & Capacity Building occupies a central angle of $54^\circ$, Digital Infrastructure accounts for $30\%$ of the budget, and Field Operations accounts for $45\%$. How much more is allocated to Digital Infrastructure than to Training & Capacity Building? - A. PHP 18,000,000 - B. PHP 24,000,000 - C. PHP 27,000,000 - D. PHP 30,000,000 > **Correct Answer: C (PHP 27,000,000).** Convert the $54^\circ$ central angle to a percentage: $\frac{54^\circ}{360^\circ} \times 100\% = 15\%$. The difference between Digital Infrastructure ($30\%$) and Training ($15\%$) is $30\% - 15\% = 15\%$ of the total budget: $0.15 \times \text{PHP } 180,000,000 = \mathbf{\text{PHP } 27,000,000}$. **Question 22 (Venn Diagram & Inclusion-Exclusion):** Among 80 applicants at a CSC Regional Office, 48 hold a Career Service Professional eligibility, 36 hold a PRC Board license (RA 1080), and 14 are first-time examinees who hold neither qualification. How many applicants hold **ONLY** the Career Service Professional eligibility? - A. 18 - B. 26 - C. 30 - D. 34 > **Correct Answer: C (30).** Applicants holding at least one qualification $= 80 - 14 = 66$. Using $\lvert A \cup B\rvert = \lvert A\rvert + \lvert B\rvert - \lvert A \cap B\rvert$: > $$\lvert \text{Both}\rvert = 48 + 36 - 66 = 84 - 66 = 18$$ > Therefore, applicants holding **only** Career Service Professional eligibility $= 48 - 18 = \mathbf{30}$. ## Curated Flashcard Decks & Practice Sets - **CSC Career Service Examination (CSE-PPT Professional & Sub-Professional): 1987 Constitution, RA 6713 Code of Conduct, RA 11032 Ease of Doing Business (ARTA), RA 3019 Anti-Graft, Peace/Human Rights & Environment**: [Interactive Deck](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/e805f3a5-ab84-4bf0-a877-7a7b57584b0a/) | [Markdown (.md)](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/e805f3a5-ab84-4bf0-a877-7a7b57584b0a.md) - **CSC CSE-PPT Verbal, Analytical & Clerical Ability: Word Association, Assumptions & Conclusions, Logical Reasoning, Data Interpretation, Alphabetical Filing & Grammar**: [Interactive Deck](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/bfde6675-0d89-45dd-a9f7-6a7bb0599595/) | [Markdown (.md)](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/bfde6675-0d89-45dd-a9f7-6a7bb0599595.md) - **CSC CSE-PPT Numerical Reasoning: Fractions/Decimals/Percentages, Ratio & Proportion, Number Series, Age/Work/Motion Word Problems, Interest & Statistics**: [Interactive Deck](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/c1ad5b38-766a-4c2b-a3cb-b5e98bfbe80c/) | [Markdown (.md)](https://flashcards.world/flashcards/sets/c1ad5b38-766a-4c2b-a3cb-b5e98bfbe80c.md)