17 min read
Medicine, Nursing & Clinical English 6 Interactive Flashcard Decks

NCLEX-RN, EKG/ECG, Nursing Pharmacology & ATI TEAS 7 / HESI A2 Complete Study Guide

Pass the Next Generation NCLEX-RN, ATI TEAS 7, and HESI A2 with 192 nursing flashcards covering Prioritization/Delegation, EKG Rhythms, High-Alert Medications, OB/Peds, and Dosage Calculations.

Practice 6 Curated NCLEX-RN, EKG/ECG, Nursing Pharmacology, Maternal-Pediatrics & ATI TEAS 7 / HESI A2 Decks ↓ Browse All NCLEX-RN, EKG/ECG, Nursing Pharmacology, Maternal-Pediatrics & ATI TEAS 7 / HESI A2 Flashcards →

Pass the Next Generation NCLEX-RN, ATI TEAS 7, and HESI A2 with 192 nursing flashcards covering Prioritization/Delegation, EKG Rhythms, High-Alert Medications, OB/Peds, and Dosage Calculations.

Quick Access: Browse All NCLEX-RN Flashcard Sets on Flashcards World — 6 complete progressive decks (192 verified flashcards) organized across Basic, Intermediate, and Advanced mastery tiers.

1. Complete 6-Deck Progressive Curriculum Matrix (192 Flashcards)

Module Mastery Level Curated Flashcard Deck Cards Direct Study Link
Module 1 Basic NCLEX-RN — Prioritization, Delegation (RN vs LPN vs UAP), Infection Control & Clinical Judgment 32 Cards Practice Deck →
Module 2 Basic NCLEX-RN & EKG / ECG — Cardiac Rhythms, Dysrhythmias, Pacemakers & ACLS Nursing Interventions 32 Cards Practice Deck →
Module 3 Intermediate NCLEX-RN Pharmacology — Anticoagulants, Insulins, Digoxin, Lithium & Therapeutic Drug Levels 32 Cards Practice Deck →
Module 4 Intermediate NCLEX-RN — Maternal-Newborn (OB), Fetal Heart Monitoring (VEAL CHOP) & Pediatric Nursing 32 Cards Practice Deck →
Module 5 Advanced ATI TEAS 7 & HESI A2 — Human Anatomy & Physiology, Biology, Chemistry & Scientific Reasoning 32 Cards Practice Deck →
Module 6 Advanced ATI TEAS 7 & HESI A2 — Nursing Dosage Calculations, IV Flow Rates, Metric Conversions & Grammar 32 Cards Practice Deck →

2. Module-by-Module Syllabus & Sample Active-Recall Flashcards

Each of the 6 modules below is engineered using atomic retrieval prompts: every card isolates a single high-yield rule, diagnostic criterion, statutory article, deadline, or clinical mechanism.

Module 1 (BASIC): NCLEX-RN — Prioritization, Delegation (RN vs LPN vs UAP), Infection Control & Clinical Judgment

Deck Overview: Comprehensive NCLEX-RN review covering delegation principles (RN vs LPN/LVN vs UAP/CNA), Maslow and ABC prioritization, standard, contact, droplet, and airborne precautions, PPE donning/doffing, and the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (NCJMM).

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What tasks can a Registered Nurse (RN) safely delegate to an Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP / CNA)? Routine, non-invasive tasks for stable clients: vital signs (on stable patients), activities of daily living (bathing, toileting, feeding non-dysphagic clients), measuring intake and output (I&O), ambulation (subsequent to initial RN assessment), repositioning, and empty drainage containers.
2 What clinical activities fall within the scope of practice of a Licensed Practical / Vocational Nurse (LPN / LVN)? Care of stable clients with predictable outcomes: monitoring RN assessment findings, reinforcing client education (not initial teaching), administering standard oral/subcutaneous/IM medications, routine dressing changes, inserting urinary catheters, nasogastric tube patency checks, and performing enteral tube feedings.
3 What responsibilities can NEVER be delegated by an RN to an LPN or UAP ('EAT' mnemonic)? E — Evaluate client outcomes and therapeutic response; A — Assess (initial admission assessment, unstable client assessments, post-procedure assessment); T — Teach (initial health education, discharge planning, complex instruction). Clinical judgment and care plan formulation remain RN-exclusive.
4 What are the key airborne precautions protocols, and which common diseases require them ('MTV' mnemonic)? Diseases: Measles (Rubeola), Tuberculosis (Pulmonary TB), Varicella-Zoster (Chickenpox / Disseminated Shingles). Precautions: Negative-pressure private room with 6–12 air exchanges/hour (AIIR), HEPA filtration, N95 respirator mask fitted for healthcare workers, and surgical mask on patient during transport.
5 What are droplet precautions protocols, and what common pathogens necessitate them ('PIMP' / 'SPIDERMAN')? Pathogens: Pertussis, Influenza, Meningococcal pneumonia/meningitis, Parvovirus B19, Rubella, Mumps. Precautions: Private room (or cohort with same pathogen), surgical mask within 3–6 feet of client, eye protection/goggles if splashing is anticipated, and client wears surgical mask during transport.
6 What are contact precautions protocols, and which conditions require them ('MRS. WEE')? Pathogens: MRSA, VRE, C. diff, RSV, Scabies, Wound infections with drainage, and major impetigo. Precautions: Private room, gloves and gown donned upon entering, dedicated patient-care equipment (stethoscope, BP cuff), and thorough disinfectant cleaning before equipment leaves room.

Module 2 (BASIC): NCLEX-RN & EKG / ECG — Cardiac Rhythms, Dysrhythmias, Pacemakers & ACLS Nursing Interventions

Deck Overview: Essential EKG strip interpretation and NCLEX cardiac care: sinus rhythms, atrial fibrillation/flutter, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, AV heart blocks, pacemaker spike evaluation, and ACLS algorithms.

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What are the diagnostic EKG criteria for Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)? Heart rate: 60–100 beats/min; Rhythm: regular; P waves: upright, uniform, one preceding every QRS complex; PR interval: 0.12–0.20 seconds (3–5 small boxes); QRS complex duration: < 0.12 seconds (< 3 small boxes); ST segment: isoelectric.
2 What are the EKG features and first-line pharmacological treatment for symptomatic Sinus Bradycardia? Rate < 60 bpm, normal regular P-QRS-T morphology. Symptoms: hypotension, dizziness, diaphoresis, syncope, chest pain. First-line drug: Atropine 1 mg IV push every 3–5 minutes (max 3 mg). If refractory, prepare transcutaneous pacing (TCP) or continuous infusions of Dopamine or Epinephrine.
3 What are the EKG criteria and nursing management for Sinus Tachycardia? Rate > 100 bpm (usually 101–150 bpm) with regular sinus P waves preceding every normal QRS. Nursing priority is identifying and treating underlying cause: pain, hypovolemia/dehydration, fever, sepsis, anxiety, hypoxia, caffeine, or blood loss (not primary antiarrhythmic medication).
4 What are the hallmark EKG characteristics, clinical risks, and nursing goals for Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)? EKG: Irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm, absence of distinct P waves (chaotic fibrillatory 'f' waves), variable ventricular rate. Major risk: Mural thrombus in left atrial appendage causing thromboembolic stroke. Management: Rate control (Beta-blockers, Diltiazem), anticoagulation (Warfarin, DOACs), or cardioversion.
5 What are the EKG characteristics and classic atrial rate for Atrial Flutter? Sawtooth or picket-fence baseline ('F' waves) best seen in leads II, III, and aVF, regular or variable ventricular response, atrial rate typically 250–350 bpm (ventricular rate often ~150 bpm with 2:1 conduction). Managed with rate control, anticoagulation, and catheter ablation.
6 What is Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) and what is the step-by-step acute management sequence? Rapid, regular rhythm (rate 150–220 bpm) with narrow QRS complexes and hidden P waves. Sequence: 1. Vagal maneuvers (Valsalva, modified Valsalva leg-raise, ice to face); 2. IV Adenosine (6 mg rapid IV push followed by immediate 20 mL saline flush; repeat with 12 mg if unsuccessful); 3. Synchronized cardioversion if unstable.

Module 3 (INTERMEDIATE): NCLEX-RN Pharmacology — Anticoagulants, Insulins, Digoxin, Lithium & Therapeutic Drug Levels

Deck Overview: Critical pharmacology for the NCLEX-RN exam: anticoagulant monitoring and antidotes, rapid/short/intermediate/long-acting insulins, cardiac glycosides, mood stabilizers, and narrow therapeutic index drugs.

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What laboratory test monitors Unfractionated Heparin, what is the therapeutic range, and what is the antidote? Monitored by activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT). Normal baseline is 30–40 seconds; therapeutic target is 1.5 to 2.5 times baseline (typically 60–80 seconds). Specific reversal agent: Protamine Sulfate (1 mg neutralizes ~100 units of heparin).
2 What laboratory test monitors Warfarin (Coumadin), what is the target INR, and what is the reversal agent? Monitored by Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR). Therapeutic INR is 2.0–3.0 for DVT/PE and atrial fibrillation (2.5–3.5 for mechanical prosthetic heart valves). Reversal agents: Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione) for slow reversal, and 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) or FFP for urgent bleeding.
3 What are the specific reversal agents for Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs: Dabigatran, Apixaban, Rivaroxaban)? Dabigatran (Pradaxa, direct thrombin inhibitor): Idarucizumab (Praxbind). Direct Factor Xa inhibitors (Apixaban / Eliquis, Rivaroxaban / Xarelto): Andexanet alfa (Andexxa).
4 What are the administration rules and laboratory monitoring for Enoxaparin (Lovenox)? Subcutaneous injection into anterolateral/posterolateral abdominal wall ('love handles') >= 2 inches from umbilicus; do NOT expel the prefilled air bubble; inject at 90 degrees; do NOT aspirate or rub injection site. Monitor complete blood count (CBC) / platelet count regularly to detect Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT).
5 What are the clinical signs of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) and what is the immediate nursing intervention? A drop in platelet count by >= 50% from baseline, or platelets < 100,000/mm3, typically occurring 5–10 days after heparin exposure, accompanied paradoxically by arterial or venous thrombosis (HITT). Immediate action: Immediately discontinue all heparin formulations (including flushes) and switch to a non-heparin direct thrombin inhibitor (e.g., Argatroban, Bivalirudin).
6 What are the onset, peak, and duration of Rapid-Acting Insulins (Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine)? Onset: 10–30 minutes; Peak: 30 minutes to 3 hours; Duration: 3–5 hours. Nursing rule: Client must have food/meal tray in front of them and eat within 10–15 minutes of injection to avoid precipitous hypoglycemia.

Module 4 (INTERMEDIATE): NCLEX-RN — Maternal-Newborn (OB), Fetal Heart Monitoring (VEAL CHOP) & Pediatric Nursing

Deck Overview: Maternal-child and pediatric nursing for NCLEX-RN: fetal heart rate patterns (VEAL CHOP), stages of labor, postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancy complications, APGAR scoring, and pediatric milestones and emergencies.

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What does the 'VEAL CHOP' mnemonic stand for in Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) monitoring? V — Variable decelerations = C — Cord compression; E — Early decelerations = H — Head compression; A — Accelerations = O — Okay / Oxygenated; L — Late decelerations = P — Placental insufficiency (uteroplacental insufficiency).
2 What are the characteristics and nursing interventions for Variable Decelerations on FHR tracings? Abrupt decrease in FHR (>= 15 bpm drop lasting >= 15 sec but < 2 min) with sharp V, W, or U shape, unrelated to contractions. Cause: Umbilical cord compression. Interventions: Immediately reposition mother (lateral left or right, knee-chest), discontinue oxytocin/Pitocin, give oxygen 8–10 L/min via non-rebreather, IV fluid bolus, and prepare for amnioinfusion if ordered.
3 What are Early Decelerations and what is their clinical significance? Symmetrical, gradual decrease and return of FHR coinciding with uterine contractions ('mirror image' with nadir occurring at peak of contraction). Cause: Fetal head compression causing vagal stimulation. Significance: Benign, non-pathological finding indicating progress in active labor; requires no medical intervention beyond continued monitoring.
4 What defines an Acceleration on an electronic fetal monitor in a fetus >= 32 weeks gestation? An abrupt increase in FHR above baseline of at least 15 bpm lasting at least 15 seconds (15x15 rule; 10x10 rule for < 32 weeks) and returning to baseline in < 2 minutes. Interpretation: Highly reassuring indicator of a healthy, reactive, well-oxygenated fetal autonomic nervous system.
5 What are Late Decelerations and what is the 'LION' priority intervention sequence? Gradual FHR deceleration beginning after contraction starts, with nadir occurring after the contraction peak. Cause: Uteroplacental insufficiency (hypoxia). Interventions ('LION'): L — Left side positioning (relieves vena cava compression); I — IV fluid bolus (improves maternal preload); O — Oxygen 8–10 L/min via non-rebreather; N — Notify healthcare provider; immediately STOP Oxytocin.
6 What is the normal baseline Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) and how are fetal tachycardia and bradycardia defined? Normal FHR baseline: 110–160 bpm. Fetal Tachycardia: Baseline > 160 bpm for >= 10 minutes (common causes: maternal fever/infection, chorioamnionitis, fetal hypoxia, terbutaline). Fetal Bradycardia: Baseline < 110 bpm for >= 10 minutes (causes: profound hypoxia, maternal hypotension, prolapsed cord).

Module 5 (ADVANCED): ATI TEAS 7 & HESI A2 — Human Anatomy & Physiology, Biology, Chemistry & Scientific Reasoning

Deck Overview: Advanced pre-nursing entrance exam review (ATI TEAS 7 & HESI A2): cellular biology, macromolecule biochemistry, organ systems (endocrine, cardiovascular, nervous, renal, respiratory), genetics, and chemical reactions.

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What are the major anatomical body planes and directional terms tested on TEAS 7 and HESI A2? Sagittal plane: Divides body into right and left halves (midsagittal is equal halves); Frontal (Coronal) plane: Divides into anterior (front) and posterior (back); Transverse (Horizontal) plane: Divides into superior (upper) and inferior (lower). Proximal (closer to trunk/point of attachment) vs Distal (farther from trunk); Medial (toward midline) vs Lateral (away from midline).
2 What are the primary functions of Mitochondria, Rough ER, Smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, and Lysosomes? Mitochondria: ATP production via cellular respiration (Krebs cycle and electron transport chain). Rough ER: Protein synthesis and modification (studded with ribosomes). Smooth ER: Lipid and steroid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and drug detoxification. Golgi: Packaging, sorting, and shipping proteins into secretory vesicles. Lysosomes: Hydrolytic enzymatic breakdown of cellular waste and macromolecules.
3 What distinguishes Passive Transport from Active Transport in cellular physiology? Passive Transport: Moves substances DOWN their concentration gradient without cellular energy (ATP) — includes Simple Diffusion, Osmosis (water through aquaporins), and Facilitated Diffusion (via carrier/channel proteins). Active Transport: Moves substances AGAINST their concentration gradient requiring ATP (e.g., Sodium-Potassium pump: 3 Na+ pumped OUT, 2 K+ pumped IN per ATP hydrolyzed).
4 What are the biological differences and cellular outcomes between Mitosis and Meiosis? Mitosis: One division yielding 2 genetically identical diploid (2n) somatic cells; purpose is growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction; stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. Meiosis: Two divisions yielding 4 genetically unique haploid (1n) gametes (sperm/egg); includes crossing over in Prophase I creating genetic diversity.
5 In Mendelian genetics, what is the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous individuals (Aa × Aa)? Genotypic ratio: 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa (25% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous, 25% homozygous recessive). Phenotypic ratio: 3 dominant : 1 recessive (75% expressing the dominant phenotype, 25% expressing the recessive phenotype).
6 What are the nucleotide components and base-pairing rules of DNA vs RNA? DNA: Composed of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases: Adenine pairs with Thymine (A=T, 2 hydrogen bonds), Guanine pairs with Cytosine (G≡C, 3 hydrogen bonds); double-stranded antiparallel helix. RNA: Composed of ribose sugar, phosphate group, and Uracil replacing Thymine (Adenine pairs with Uracil, A=U; Cytosine pairs with Guanine, C≡G); single-stranded.

Module 6 (ADVANCED): ATI TEAS 7 & HESI A2 — Nursing Dosage Calculations, IV Flow Rates, Metric Conversions & Grammar

Deck Overview: Essential dosage calculation formulas, IV drip rates, metric/household conversions, pediatric weight-based calculations, and core English grammar/conventions tested on TEAS 7 and HESI A2 entrance exams.

# Front (Active Recall Prompt) Back (Verified Exam Answer & Explanation)
1 What are the fundamental metric weight and volume conversions used in nursing dosage math? 1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g); 1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams (mg); 1 milligram (mg) = 1,000 micrograms (mcg); 1 Liter (L) = 1,000 milliliters (mL); 1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cubic centimeter (cc).
2 What are the essential household to metric conversions for nursing medication administration? 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL; 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 3 teaspoons = 15 mL; 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL (or 2 tbsp); 1 measuring cup = 8 fluid ounces = 240 mL; 1 pint = 2 cups = 16 fl oz = 480 mL; 1 quart = 2 pints = 32 fl oz = 960 mL (clinically ~1,000 mL); 1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz).
3 How do you convert pounds (lbs) to kilograms (kg) and vice versa, and what rounding rule applies? Pounds to kilograms: Weight in lbs / 2.2 = Weight in kg (e.g., 154 lbs / 2.2 = 70 kg). Kilograms to pounds: Weight in kg × 2.2 = Weight in lbs (e.g., 50 kg × 2.2 = 110 lbs). Round client weight in kg to the nearest tenth (0.1 kg) for clinical calculations.
4 What are the formulas for converting between degrees Celsius (°C) and Fahrenheit (°F)? Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32 (or °F = [°C × 1.8] + 32). Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9 (or °C = [°F - 32] / 1.8). Normal body temp: 37°C = 98.6°F.
5 What is the 'Desired Over Have' (Formula Method) for solid and liquid oral medications? Formula: Amount to Give = (Desired / Have) × Quantity, or (D / H) × Q. D = Desired dose prescribed by provider; H = Dose on hand (strength on medication label); Q = Quantity of unit containing H (e.g., 1 tablet, 5 mL). Example: Order 500 mg, stock 250 mg/tablet -> (500 / 250) × 1 = 2 tablets.
6 Calculate the volume to administer: Order is Amoxicillin 400 mg PO; stock label reads 250 mg / 5 mL. Using (D / H) × Q: D = 400 mg, H = 250 mg, Q = 5 mL. Calculation: (400 mg / 250 mg) × 5 mL = 1.6 × 5 mL = 8 mL to be administered.

3. 8-Week Spaced Repetition & Active Recall Study Schedule

To achieve >90% long-term retention before exam day, follow this structured 8-week interleaving schedule across all 6 decks (192 core cards + your personal error-log cards):

Phase Target Decks Daily New Cards Daily SRS Reviews Exam Application Protocol
Weeks 1–2 (Foundation) Module 1 & Module 2 (Basic) 16 cards/day 25–45 reviews Master core definitions, foundational statutes/physiology, and primary classifications.
Weeks 3–4 (Intermediate Application) Module 3 & Module 4 (Intermediate) 16 cards/day 50–85 reviews Interleave Basic & Intermediate decks; drill multi-step clinical vignettes or statutory exceptions.
Weeks 5–6 (Advanced Mastery) Module 5 & Module 6 (Advanced) 16 cards/day 85–120 reviews Focus on high-difficulty differentials, numerical deadlines, contraindications, and edge-case traps.
Weeks 7–8 (Final Consolidation) All 6 NCLEX-RN Decks (Interleaved) 0 new cards 100–140 reviews Full timed mock blocks + rapid spaced-repetition review of flagged/missed cards.

Related Study Guides in English

Clinical Medicine Shelf Exams: Psychiatry, Pediatrics, OB/GYN, Surgery, EM & Dermatology Clinical Clerkship Shelf Exams & Step 2 CK Guide: Psychiatry, Pediatrics, OB/GYN, Surgery, EM & Dermatology High-yield clinical clerkship Shelf exam study guide with 192 flashcards across Psychiatry (DSM-5-TR), Pediatrics, OB/GYN, Surgery, Emergency Medicine, Dermatology, and Radiology.Medical Microbiology, Virology, Mycology, Parasitology & Antimicrobials Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Study Guide: Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Parasites & Antibiotics Complete active-recall study guide and 192 flashcards for Medical Microbiology: Gram-positive/negative bacteria, Virology, Mycology, Parasitology, and Empiric Antimicrobials.Organ-Systems Medicine I: Cardiology, Pulmonology, Nephrology, GI & Hematology/Oncology Organ-Systems Medicine Study Guide I: Cardiology, Pulmonology, Nephrology, GI/Hepatology & Hematology Master internal medicine organ systems with 192 board-style flashcards covering Cardiovascular Physiology & Pathology, Pulmonology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology.Organ-Systems Medicine II: Endocrinology, Neurology, Rheumatology, Reproductive & Critical Care Organ-Systems Medicine Study Guide II: Endocrinology, Neurology, Rheumatology, Reproductive & Critical Care Deep clinical review and 192 flashcards for Endocrinology, Diabetes/DKA, Stroke & Neuropathology, Autoimmune Rheumatology, Reproductive Pathology, and ICU Critical Care/Shock.Top 200 Drugs (NAPLEX Pharmacy), PANCE Physician Assistant & NREMT EMT / Paramedic Top 200 Drugs (NAPLEX Pharmacy), PANCE Physician Assistant & NREMT EMT/Paramedic Study Guide Master the Top 200 Brand/Generic Drugs, NAPLEX Pharmacy Calculations, PANCE Physician Assistant blueprints, and NREMT EMT/Paramedic Trauma & Triage protocols with 192 flashcards.USMLE Step 1 & Step 2 CK High-Yield Medical Board Review USMLE Step 1 & Step 2 CK Complete Study Guide: High-Yield Active Recall Flashcards for Medical Boards Master USMLE Step 1 and Step 2 CK with 192 board-grade flashcards covering Biochemistry, Immunology, Autonomic Pharmacology, General Pathology, Internal Medicine, and Biostatistics.