Guia de estudo de Introduction to Psychology 101 (Myers Psychology: Brain, Behavior, Learning & Memory) (Português): Domine os conceitos essenciais com Flashcards

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Introduction to Psychology 101 (Myers Psychology: Brain, Behavior, Learning & Memory) Flashcard Decks (3)

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Foundational EN → EN

Biological Foundations, Neurotransmitters, Sensation & Perception

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Learning, Memory, Cognition & Developmental Psychology

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Social Psychology, Personality Theories, Psychological Disorders & Research Methods

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3. Exemplos de Flashcards de Alto Rendimento (Introduction to Psychology 101 (Myers Psychology: Brain, Behavior, Learning & Memory) (Português))

Nível	Frente (Pergunta / Termo)	Verso (Resposta / Explicação)
`basic`	What are the primary functional zones of a neuron, and in what direction does an electrical nerve impulse travel?	Dendrites (receptive input) -> Soma (cell body) -> Axon Hillock (action potential trigger zone) -> Axon (conduction) -> Axon Terminals (synaptic output).
`basic`	What vital homeostatic and protective roles do astrocytes play in the central nervous system?	They maintain extracellular ion balance (buffering K+), uptake and recycle neurotransmitters (glutamate), provide metabolic glucose support, and form the blood-brain barrier via perivascular end-feet.
`intermediate`	In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments, identify the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR.	Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Meat powder; Unconditioned Response (UCR): Innate salivation; Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Metronome/bell; Conditioned Response (CR): Learned salivation to the CS alone.
`intermediate`	What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?	The sudden reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response (CR) following a rest period without any additional paired training.
`advanced`	What is the Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) in social psychology?	The pervasive tendency for observers to underestimate situational environmental pressures and overestimate internal, dispositional traits when explaining another person's behavior.
`advanced`	What is Cognitive Dissonance according to Leon Festinger, and what classic experimental finding demonstrated it?	Psychological discomfort arising from holding contradictory beliefs or actions; Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) showed participants paid $1 to lie rated a boring task as genuinely enjoyable (insufficient justification).

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